Treatment MethodĪt present, domestic and foreign methods for treating oily sludge include thermochemical cleaning technology, solvent extraction technology, and biological treatment technology. Selecting the corresponding oily sludge treatment method according to its nature is a task that must be completed at present. Different oily sludges differ in properties.
According to the source, oily sludge can be divided into oilfield oily sludge (OOS), storage and transportation oily sludge (STOS), refinery oily sludge (ROS), and accidental oily sludge (AOS). According to statistics, the total amount of oily sludge produced in the world every year reaches 60 million tons, and with the deep development of most oil fields, the output of oily sludge will continue to increase. The output of oily sludge is increasing year by year. According to research, the oil content of oily sludge is between 10% and 50%, and the water content is between 40% and 90%, accompanied by a certain amount of solids. The composition of oily sludge is extremely complex, containing high concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons, and heavy metals, such as copper, zinc, chromium, mercury, chemical additives, and pathogenic microorganisms. It is characterized by high oil content, fine particles, high viscosity, and difficulty in dehydration and transportation. The oil oily sludge is inevitably produced during the storage, transportation, and refining development process of the entire petroleum industry. Source and Ingredients of Oily SludgeĬrude oil is the blood of industry and an important strategic resource in the development of the national economy. Finally, the development direction of preparing new catalysts and the mixed use of multiple catalysts is proposed as a theory to provide for the efficient and reasonable utilization of oily sludge. The influence of pyrolysis, the pyrolysis mechanism, and the product composition of oily sludge with the addition of different catalysts are also discussed. The main methods of treating oily sludge at home and abroad and the current research status of oily sludge pyrolysis technology are briefly described, and four commonly used catalysts are introduced: metals, metal compounds, molecular sieves, metal-supported molecular sieves, and biomass catalysts for oily sludge.
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